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ROMAN TOILETS

To this day, the Roman civilization appears to us as a world of well-educated, healthy people who care much more about hygiene than, for example, in the Middle Ages. When it comes to the upper social spheres, the Romans certainly had a high standard of living. The houses of aristocrats, patricians, as well as equites living in the city, and even rural latifundia had pipes supplying public water from aqueducts. Interestingly, in order to limit water theft, an obligation was introduced to stamp lead pipes that were connected to aqueducts – this was a confirmation that water abstraction on the property was legal. It also had its own toilets and baths.

Contemporary analyzes say that in the 4th century there were a total of 144 public latrines (foricae) located in Rome. Interestingly, only a small part of them was connected to the main sewage system. These toilets were rooms, as a rule, consisting of a long gallery, and individual openings (most often marble) were located at short distances from each other. This way of dealing with the needs indirectly served the integration- 10 to 20 people could take care of their needs at one time.

Instead of paper, xylospongium or tersorium were used, a natural sea sponges (spongia) placed on sticks, which were put back in the bowl of water after use (so that they would probably get wet). Vinegar was often used for disinfection. There were usually small channels on the floor with fresh water, which was supplied by aqueducts. Latrines usually accompanied public baths.

The latrines could be used by both patricians and commoners (were mostly free). Sometimes the poor simply allowed themselves to empty themselves down the drain. The latrine system was found in many places of the Empire, including in the Roman fort in Hadrian’s Wall, in Pompeii or Herculaneum. It is worth mentioning that the portico of the theatre where the treacherously murdered was Julius Caesar during the March id of 44 BC it was turned into a public toilet overtime (due to the bad history of the place).

From Ancient Marvels Of Mankind

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Amazing Discovery: Legendary Tomb of Giant Gilgamesh Found Under the Euphrates River – Rewriting the History Books

In a discovery that has captured the imagination of historians and archaeologists alike, the tomb of the legendary Sumerian king Gilgamesh has been unearthed following a significant retreat of the Euphrates River. This unprecedented find not only sheds light on one of the most iconic figures in the history of ancient Mesopotamia, but also provides stunning images that offer insight into the grandeur and mystery of ancient Sumeria.

As the Euphrates River, a crucial waterway that has long fed the region, experienced an unusual downturn, archaeologists working in the area stumbled upon an ancient burial site believed to belong to Gilgamesh, the semi-mythical ruler and hero of the Epic of Gilgamesh.

1. The unearthed grave

The tomb, located in a previously unexplored area, was discovered among shifting sediments and exposed by falling water levels. Initial inspections reveal a large, intricately decorated stone structure that appears to be remarkably well preserved, with elaborate inscriptions and engravings.

2. Amazing images

Images captured during the excavation reveal a series of chambers adorned with frescoes and exquisite artifacts that offer a glimpse into the grandeur of Gilgamesh’s reign. The images include scenes of ceremonial objects, precious metals, and detailed artwork that highlight the sophistication of Sumerian culture.

The discovery of the Tomb of Gilgamesh is of immense historical and cultural importance and offers new insights into ancient Mesopotamian civilization.

1. Historical perspectives

Gilgamesh, often depicted as a historical figure in the Sumerian King List and immortalized in epic poetry, is a central figure in Mesopotamian mythology. The discovery of the tomb provides tangible evidence of his existence and offers a direct connection to the stories and legends that have fascinated scholars for centuries.

2. Cultural artifacts

Among the artifacts found in the tomb are items that provide clues about the rituals and customs of ancient Sumer. These include ceremonial weapons, jewelry and inscriptions that may offer new interpretations of the role of Gilgamesh and the religious practices of his time.

3. Archaeological progress

The find is considered one of the most important archaeological discoveries of the century. It not only enriches our knowledge of the Sumerian civilization, but also opens up new avenues for research into the ancient Near East.

Challenges and implications

1. Preservation and conservation

Given the historical significance of the tomb, there are concerns about the preservation of the site and its artifacts. Conservation experts are working to ensure the site is protected from environmental damage and potential looting.

2. Interpretation of results

Researchers face the challenge of accurately interpreting the artifacts and inscriptions found in the tomb. Understanding the full context of Gilgamesh’s reign and the cultural practices of the time requires careful analysis and interdisciplinary collaboration.

3. Impact on local communities

The discovery has important implications for local communities and the wider cultural heritage of the region. Archaeological interests need to be balanced with the preservation of local traditions and the potential impact on tourism.

Conclusion

The discovery of Gilgamesh’s tomb, as the Euphrates River recedes, represents a monumental moment in the study of ancient history. The astonishing images and artifacts reveal a glimpse into the splendor of one of history’s most legendary figures, offering new opportunities for exploration and understanding. As researchers continue to delve into the tomb’s mysteries, the world eagerly awaits further revelations that will illuminate the legacy of Gilgamesh and the ancient Sumerian civilization.

From Ancient history

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